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ubuntu开机自动挂载硬盘,linux查看磁盘空间 命令

时间:2023-05-04 01:11:14 阅读:13278 作者:4367

提示2分:

*要添加新硬盘,必须重新启动服务器fdisk -l

*使用根帐户执行以下操作

就像这样。 视图-分区-格式-装载-重新启动-自动装载

1、添加硬盘后,重新启动服务器查看

[root@test199 ~]#fdisk -l

磁盘/dev/sdb : 214.7 GB,214748364800 bytes

255 heads,63 sectors/track,26108 cylinders

units=cylinders of 16065 * 512=8225280 bytes

sector size (逻辑/物理) : 512字节/512字节

I/osize (最小/最佳) : 512字节/512字节

磁盘标识符:0x 00000000

磁盘/dev/sdb doesn ' tcontainavalidpartitiontable

磁盘/dev/sda : 85.9 GB,85899345920 bytes

255 heads,63 sectors/track,10443 cylinders

units=cylinders of 16065 * 512=8225280 bytes

sector size (逻辑/物理) : 512字节/512字节

I/osize (最小/最佳) : 512字节/512字节

磁盘标识符:0x 000 CD 039

dvicebootstartendblocksidsystem

/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux

分区1 doesnotendoncylinderboundary。

/dev/sda 226536409600082 Linux swap/Solaris

分区2 doesnotendoncylinderboundary。

/dev/sda 3536104447958425683 Linux

2、分区

fdisk可以在m命令中看到fdisk命令的内部命令;

答:命令指定启动分区;

d :命令删除存在的分区;

l :用于显示分区ID号列表的命令;

查看fdisk命令的帮助;

n :命令创建新分区;

p :用于显示分区列表的命令;

t :命令更改分区的类型ID号;

w :指令是让分区表的修改内存发挥作用。

[root@test199 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

devicecontainsneitheravaliddospartitiontable,nor Sun,SGI or OSF磁盘标签

buildinganewdosdisklabelwithdiskidentifier0x 515 AE 162。

更改will remain in memory only,until you decide to write them。

After that,of course,thepreviouscontentwon ' tbe recoverable。

警告: invalid flag0x 0000 ofpartitiontable4willbecorrectedbyw (rite ) )。

warning : dos-compatiblemodeisdeprecated.it ' sstronglyrecommendedto

switchoffthemode(command'c ' ) and change显示单元到

安全(命令' u )。

命令(mfo rhelp ) : n

命令动作

输入e extended//将创建扩展分区

主分区(1-4) /输入p创建逻辑分区

p

分区编号(1-4) : 1 //如果在此输入l,则进入划分逻辑分区的阶段

firstcylinder(1-26108,默认值1 ) : //注:这是分区的开始值; 你最好在这里直接按回车。 输入非默认数字会浪费空间;

using默认值1

Last cylin

der, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-26108, default 26108): 我这直接回车了全部用上。注:这个是定义分区大小的,+200M 就是大小为200M ;当然您也可以根据p提示的单位cylinder的大小来算,然后来指定 End的数值。回头看看是怎么算的;还是用+200M这个办法来添加,这样能直观一点。如果您想添加一个10G左右大小的分区,请输入 +10000M ;

Using default value 26108

Command (m for help): w //最后输入w回车保存。

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

保存后查看一下

[root@test199 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sdb: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 26108 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x515ae162

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sdb1 1 26108 209712478+ 83 Linux

Disk /dev/sda: 85.9 GB, 85899345920 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10443 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x000cd039

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux

Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda2 26 536 4096000 82 Linux swap / Solaris

Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

/dev/sda3 536 10444 79584256 83 Linux

3、格式化

[root@test199 ~]#mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 //注:将/dev/sdb1格式化为ext3类型,确认好,我上面/dev/sdb1是新加的200GB硬盘,这一步直接回车就可以了,格式化完会自动跳出来

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

13107200 inodes, 52428119 blocks

2621405 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

1600 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,

4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 36 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

4、挂载

--先创建个目录、再挂载到目录上

[root@test199 ~]# mkdir /data

[root@test199 ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /data

[root@test199 ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda3 75G 21G 51G 29% /

tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 194M 25M 160M 14% /boot

/dev/sdb1 197G 188M 187G 1% /data

5、重启开机自动挂载,要写到fstab里面(就是最后一行了),否则重启后找不到那个新家的硬盘了

[root@test199 ~]#vi /etc/fstab

#

# /etc/fstab

# Created by anaconda on Tue Apr 16 01:33:57 2013

#

# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'

# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

#

UUID=f87d8e1f-9a62-4cb8-93a8-a4793465eb23 / ext4 defaults 1 1

UUID=cdb27acf-3bbb-4f03-b20c-cfbc9d8450b9 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2

UUID=63399012-86b0-43e7-8cee-a0ace153dd7e swap swap defaults 0 0

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0

devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0

sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

/dev/sdb1 /data ext3 defaults 0 0

至此OK!

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