[TOC]
#添加磁盘
添加新硬盘并重新启动服务器
添加完成后，可以重新启动机器。 如果机器已通电，即使进入系统也看不到添加的磁盘。 直到系统重新启动，重新加载后安装的磁盘才会显示
#根帐户登录系统
#查看硬盘
``````
fdisk -l //磁盘命令
``````
``````
磁盘/dev/sda : 21.5 GB，21474836480 bytes
255 heads、63 sectors/track和2610 cylinders
units=cylinders of 16065 * 512=8225280 bytes
sector size (逻辑/物理) : 512字节/512字节
I/osize (最小/最佳) : 512字节/512字节
磁盘标识符：0x 000 c4cb 5
dvicebootstartendblocksidsystem
/dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux
分区1 doesnotendoncylinderboundary。
/dev/sda 2642611204584968 elinuxlvm
磁盘/dev/sdb : 21.5 GB，21474836480 bytes
255 heads、63 sectors/track和2610 cylinders
units=cylinders of 16065 * 512=8225280 bytes
sector size (逻辑/物理) : 512字节/512字节
I/osize (最小/最佳) : 512字节/512字节
磁盘标识符：0x d 0f 5c 869
dvicebootstartendblocksidsystem
/dev/sdb1 1 2610 20964793 83 Linux
磁盘/dev/SDC : 21.5 GB，21474836480 bytes
255 heads、63 sectors/track和2610 cylinders
units=cylinders of 16065 * 512=8225280 bytes
sector size (逻辑/物理) : 512字节/512字节
I/osize (最小/最佳) : 512字节/512字节
磁盘标识符：0x 00000000
``````
可以看到，该计算机上加载了三个磁盘sda、sdb和sdc
其中，sda是初始磁盘，sdb是初始化使用的，sdc是刚加载但未格式化的新磁盘
#创建新的硬盘分区
``````
[ root @ localhost~] # fdisk/dev/SDC #进入磁盘
devicecontainsneitheravaliddospartitiontable，nor Sun，SGI or OSF磁盘标签
buildinganewdosdisklabelwithdiskidentifier0x 45 a3 cadb。
更改will remain in memory only，until you decide to write them。
After that，of course，thepreviouscontentwon ' tbe recoverable。
警告： invalid flag0x 0000 ofpartitiontable4willbecorrectedbyw (rite ) )。
warning : dos-compatiblemodeisdeprecated.it ' sstronglyrecommendedto
switchoffthemode(command'c ' ) and change显示单元到
安全(命令' u )。
command(mforhelp ) : m
命令动作
a toggle a bootable flag #设置可启动标志
b edit BSD磁盘标签
c toggle the dos
compatibility flagd delete a partition #删除一个分区
l list known partition types #各分区类型所对应的ID
m print this menu #菜单
n add a new partition #添加一个分区
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table #显示该磁盘下的当前分区信息
q quit without saving changes #不保存退出
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit #保存退出
x extra functionality (experts only)
```
## 分区
```
Command (m for help): p //打印分区信息,可以看到当前并没有分区
Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x45a3cadb
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n //创建一个新的分区
Command action
e extended//输入e为创建扩展分区
p primary partition (1-4) //输入p为创建逻辑分区
p
Partition number (1-4): 1//划分逻辑分区
First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): //我这里直接回车,是不想把该磁盘分成多个分区,把整个磁盘作为1个分区
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610):
Using default value 2610
Command (m for help): p //再次查看可以看到该磁盘已经有1个分区了
Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x45a3cadb
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w //保存分区
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
```
## `fdisk -l` 查看磁盘信息
```
Disk /dev/sdc: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x406a4c58
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux
```
第三块磁盘/dev/sdc已经分区
# 格式化分区
```
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc1
//将/dev/sdc1格式化为ext3类型
```
```
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1310720 inodes, 5241198 blocks
262059 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
160 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
```
# `mount`挂载分区
```
[root@localhost ~]# df -h //此时只有sda1和sdb1两个磁盘挂载
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 18G 15G 1.5G 92% /
tmpfs 932M 76K 932M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 40M 421M 9% /boot
/dev/sdb1 20G 1.2G 18G 7% /disk/diskone
/dev/sr0 4.2G 4.2G 0 100% /media/CentOS_6.5_Final
[root@localhost /]# cd /disk/
[root@localhost disk]# ll
总用量 4
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 7月 28 17:04 diskone
[root@localhost disk]# cd diskone/
[root@localhost diskone]# ll
总用量 20
drwx------. 2 root root 16384 7月 28 16:12 lost+found
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 7月 28 17:09 software
[root@localhost diskone]# cd ../
[root@localhost disk]# mkdir disktwo //创建被挂载的路径
[root@localhost disk]# ll
总用量 8
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 7月 28 17:04 diskone
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 8月 1 16:48 disktwo
[root@localhost disk]# mount /dev/sdc1 /disk/disktwo/ //进行挂载
[root@localhost disk]# df -h //再次查看,发现sdc1已经挂载在/disk/disktwo路径下
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 18G 15G 1.5G 92% /
tmpfs 932M 76K 932M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 485M 40M 421M 9% /boot
/dev/sdb1 20G 1.2G 18G 7% /disk/diskone
/dev/sr0 4.2G 4.2G 0 100% /media/CentOS_6.5_Final
/dev/sdc1 20G 173M 19G 1% /disk/disktwo
```
# 开机自动挂载
编辑/etc/fstab文件，再最后面添加
/dev/sdc1(磁盘分区) /disk/disktwo(挂载目录) ext3(文件格式)defaults 0 0
```
vi /etc/fstab /dev/sdc1(磁盘分区) /disk/disktwo(挂载目录) ext3(文件格式)defaults 0 0
```
> 来源 https://blog.csdn.net/weishujie000/article/details/76531924