文章目录 Basic Terminology 基础词汇Nouns 名词Pronoun 代词Verb 动词Tense 时态Voice & Mood 语态&语气Adverb & Conjunction 副词&连词Sentence 句子Predicate & Object etc. 谓语&宾语等Phrases 短语Clauses 从句Word-Order 语序Punctuation 标点符号
跟英语外教讨论语法现象时，好多语法术语都不会；整理个语法术语表在这里。
Basic Terminology 基础词汇 英文中文备注Morphology词法Syntax句法Notional Words实意词Form Words虚词Parts of Speech词类Noun名词Pronoun代词Numeral数词Adjective形容词Verb动词Adverb副词Article冠词Preposition介词Conjunction连词Interjection感叹词Determiner限定词Particle小品词Word Building构词法Conversion转化Derivation (Affixaton)派生(词缀法)Compounding (Composition)合成Prefix(es)前缀Suffix(es)后缀Compound Words合成词Nouns 名词 英文中文备注Classification of Nouns名词的分类Common Nouns普通名词Proper Nouns专有名词Individual Nouns个体名词Collective Nouns集体名词Material Nouns物质名词Abstract Nouns抽象名词Countable Nouns可数名词Uncountable Nouns不可数名词The Singular Form单数形势The Plural Form复数形式The Common Case普通格The Possessive Case所有格Gender性The Definite Article定冠词The Indefinite Article不定冠词Pronoun 代词 英文中文备注Person Pronouns人称代词Possessive Pronouns物主代词Self Pronouns自身代词Demonstrative Pronouns指示代词Interrogative Pronouns疑问代词Conjunctive Pronouns连接代词Relative Pronouns关系代词Reciprocal Pronouns相互代词Indefinite Pronouns不定代词The Absolute Forms of
Possessive Pronouns物主代词的绝对形式The Subjective Case主格The Objective Case宾格Cardinal Numbers基数词Ordinal Numbers序数词Fractional Numbers分数词眯眯眼的导师 of Comparison比较的级别The Comparative 眯眯眼的导师比较级The Superlative 眯眯眼的导师最高级Verb 动词 英文中文备注Notional Verbs实义动词Link-verbs系动词Auxiliary Verbs
(Helping verbs)助动词Modal Verbs情态动词Transitive Verbs及物动词Intransitive Verbs不及物动词Regular Verbs规则动词Irregular Verbs不规则动词Phrasal Verbs成语动词Delexical Verbs虚意动词Explanation of Delexical verbs Ditransitive Verbs双宾动词Defective Verbs无变化动词人家动词都会变，这种 “有缺陷的”
动词不会变化，例如 ought to, must 等Stative Verbs静态动词Instantaneous Verbs短暂(瞬时)动词Ergative Verbs作格词
(兼做及物与不及物动词的动词)1950s: from Greek ergatēs ‘worker’ (from ergon ‘work’) + -ive.
看到词源也猜不出这个术语的意思 ?The Finite Form of the Verb动词的限定形式Person人称Number数Tense时态Mood语气The Non-finite Forms of the Verb动词的非限定形式The Principal Forms of the Verb动词的主要形式The Present Forms现在式The Past Forms过去式The Participle分词The Present Participle现在分词The Past Participle过去分词The Infinitive不定式Bare Infinitive光秃不定式即：不带to的动词不定式The Gerund动名词The Verbal Noun名词化的动名词Contraction动词的紧缩形式Tense 时态 PresentPastFuturePast FutureIndefinite
(Simple)The Present indefiniteThe Past IndefiniteThe Future IndefiniteThe Past Future IndefiniteContinuous
(Progress)The Present ContinuousThe Pass ContinuousThe Future ContinuousThe Past Future ContinuousPerfectThe Present PerfectThe Past PerfectThe Future PerfectThe Past Future PerfectPerfect ContinuousThe Present Perfect ContinuousThe Past Perfect ContinuousThe Future Perfect ContinuousThe Past Future Perfect Continuous 英文中文备注The Present Indefinite一般现在时The Past Indefinite一般过去时The Future Indefinite一般将来时The Past Future Indefinite一般过去将来时The Present Continuous现在进行时The Past Continuous过去进行时The Future Continuous将来进行时The Past Future Continuous过去将来进行时The Present Perfect现在完成时The Past Perfect过去完成时The Future Perfect将来完成时The Past Future Perfect过去将来完成时The Present Perfect Continuous现在完成进行时The Past Perfect Continuous过去完成进行时The Future Perfect Continuous将来完成进行时The Past Future Perfect Continuous过去将来完成进行时The Sequence of Tenses时态的呼应Voice & Mood 语态&语气 英文中文备注The Passive Voice被动语态The Active Voice主动语态The Indicative Mood陈述语气The Imperative Mood祈使语气The Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气注：觉得译成 “主观语气” 更贴切,
陈述语气 即是 “客观语气”Sentences of Real Condition真实条件句Sentences of Unreal Condition虚拟条件句Conditional Sentence of Mixed Time错综时间条件句Sentences of Implied Condition含蓄条件句Adverb & Conjunction 副词&连词 英文中文备注Adverbs of Time时间副词Adverbs of Place地点副词Adverbs of Manner方式副词Adverbs of 眯眯眼的导师程度副词Adverbs of Frequency频度副词Relative Adverbs关系副词注：还有一个Relative Pronoun（关系代词）Conjunctive Adverbs连接副词Interrogative Adverbs疑问副词Coordinating Conjunctions并列连词Subordinating Conjunctions从属连词Sentence 句子 英文中文备注Members of the Sentence句子的成分The Subject主语Preparatory Subject先行主语The Predicate谓语The Predicative表语The Object宾语Retained Object保留宾语The Attribute定语The Adverbial (Modifier)状语The Appositive同位语Independent Elements独立成分Declarative Sentences陈述句Imperative Sentences祈使句Exclamatory Sentences感叹句Interrogative Sentences疑问句General Questions一般疑问句Special Questions特殊疑问句Alternative Questions选择疑问句Disjunctive Questions反意疑问句Simple Sentences简单句Compound Sentences并列句Complex Sentences复合句Compound Complex Sentences并列复合句One-member Sentences单部句Two-member Sentences双部句Elliptical Sentences省略句Cleft Sentence分列句Predicate & Object etc. 谓语&宾语等 英文中文备注The Simple Predicate简单谓语The Compound Predicate复合谓语The Compound Verbal Predicate表行为的复合谓语The Compound Nominal Predicate表性状的复合谓语The Direct Object直接宾语The Indirect Object间接宾语The Complex Object复合宾语The cognate Object同源宾语cognate: early 17th century: from Latin cognatus, from co- ‘together with’ + natus ‘born’.Direct Address呼语Parenthesis插入语Direct Speech直接引语Indirect Speech间接引语Absolute Constructions独立结构Phrases 短语 英文中文备注Participial Phrase分词短语Prepositional Phrase介词短语Infinitive Phrases不定式短语Verb Phrases动词短语Phrasal Verbs成语动词Clauses 从句 英文中文备注Main Clauses主句Subordinate Clauses从句Subject Clauses主语从句Object Clauses宾语从句Predicative Clauses标语从句Attributive Clauses定语从句Appositive Clauses同位语从句Adverbial Clauses状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Time时间状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Place地点状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Cause原因状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Condition条件状语从句Adverbial Clauses of 眯眯眼的导师 (Result)程度(结果)状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Concession让步状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Purpose目的状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Comparison比较状语从句Adverbial Clauses of Manner方式状语从句Defining Attributive Clauses限定性定语从句Non-defining Attributive Clauses非限定性定语从句Limiting Attributes限定性定语Descriptive Attributes描绘性定语Word-Order 语序 英文中文备注Natural Word-order自然语序Inverted Word-order倒装语序Inversion倒桩Full Inversion完全倒桩Partial Inversion部分倒桩Ellipsis省略Substitution替代Transformation of Sentences句型转换Analysis of Sentences句子分析Punctuation 标点符号 英文中文备注Period (Full Stop)句号Question Mark问号Exclamation Mark感叹号Comma逗号Colon冒号Dash破折号Hyphen连字符Brackets括号Quotation Marks引号Apostrophe撇号