spring有几种事务管理,spring分布式事务管理

首先，在做关于JpaTransactionManager之前，先对Jpa做一个简单的了解，他毕竟不如hibernate那么热门，其实二者很相识，只不过后期hibernate和JDO 版本都已经兼容了其Jpa，目前大家用的少了。

JPA全称Java Persistence API.JPA通过JDK 5.0注解或XML描述对象－关系表的映射关系，并将运行期的实体对象持久化到数据库中。 JPA的宗旨是为POJO提供持久化标准规范，由此可见，经过这几年的实践探索，能够脱离容器独立运行，方便开发和测试的理念已经深入人心了。Hibernate3.2、TopLink 10.1.3以及OpenJPA都提供了JPA的实现。 JPA的总体思想和现有Hibernate、TopLink、JDO等ORM框架大体一致。总的来说，JPA包括以下3方面的技术： ORM映射元数据 JPA支持XML和JDK5.0注解两种元数据的形式，元数据描述对象和表之间的映射关系，框架据此将实体对象持久化到数据库表中； API 用来操作实体对象，执行CRUD操作，框架在后台替我们完成所有的事情，开发者从繁琐的JDBC和SQL代码中解脱出来。 查询语言 这是持久化操作中很重要的一个方面，通过面向对象而非面向数据库的查询语言查询数据，避免程序的SQL语句紧密耦合。下面，做一些JPA简单的例子，让大家熟悉一下JPA的配置： 1.productDao.java package com.spring.jpa;import com.spring.model.Product;public interface ProductDao {public void save(Product p);} 2.productDaoImpl.java package com.spring.jpa;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;import javax.persistence.Persistence;import com.spring.model.Product;public class ProductDaoImpl implements ProductDao {public void save(Product p) {EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("SimplePU");EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();em.getTransaction().begin();em.persist(p);em.getTransaction().commit();emf.close();}} 3.ProductManager.java package com.spring.jpa;import com.spring.model.Product;public interface ProductManager {public void save(Product p);} 4.ProductManagerImpl.java package com.spring.jpa;import com.spring.model.Product;public class ProductManagerImpl implements ProductManager{private ProductDao productDao = new ProductDaoImpl();@Overridepublic void save(Product p) {productDao.save(p);}} 5.persistence.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" version="2.0"><persistence-unit name="SimplePU"transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"><provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider><class>com.spring.model.Product</class><properties><property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class"value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /><property name="hibernate.connection.url"value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/jinhonglun" /><property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root" /><property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="root" /><property name="hibernate.dialect"value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect" /><property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" /><property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true" /><property name="hibernate.use_sql_comments" value="false" /><property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" /></properties></persistence-unit></persistence> 6.SimpleSpringJpaDemo.java package com.spring.jpa;import com.spring.model.Product;public class SimpleSpringJpaDemo {public static void main(String[] args) {Product p = new Product();p.setProductTitle("JPA测试");new ProductManagerImpl().save(p);}} 接下来进行主题介绍JpaTransactionManager:
* 我们引入 Spring，以展示 Spring 框架对 JPA 的支持。业务层接口 ProductManager 保持不变，ProductManagerImpl 中增加了三个注解，
* 以让 Spring 完成依赖注入，因此不再需要使用 new 操作符创建 ProductDaoImpl 对象了。同时我们还使用了 Spring 的声明式事务： 1.ProductDaoImpl.java package com.spring.jpaTransactionManager;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import com.spring.model.Product;@Repository("productDao")public class ProductDaoImpl implements ProductDao {@PersistenceContext private EntityManager em; @Transactionalpublic void save(Product p) {em.persist(p);}} 2.ProductManagerImpl.java package com.spring.jpaTransactionManager;import javax.annotation.Resource;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import com.spring.model.Product;@Service("productManager")public class ProductManagerImpl implements ProductManager{@Resourceprivate ProductDao productDao;@Transactional@Overridepublic void save(Product p) {productDao.save(p);}} 3.SimpleSpringJpaDemo.java package com.spring.jpaTransactionManager;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;import com.spring.model.Product;public class SimpleSpringJpaDemo {public static void main(String[] args) {ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:/com/spring/jpaTransactionManager/spring-jpa.xml");ProductDao productDao = ctx.getBean("productDao", ProductDao.class);Product p = new Product();p.setProductTitle("JPA Spring与JpaTransactionManager结合测试");productDao.save(p);}} 4.spring-jpa.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-2.5.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">  <context:component-scan base-package="com.spring.jpaTransactionManager" />  <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" /> </bean>  <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"> </bean></beans>