#include <iostream>#include <vector>#include <algorithm>#include <string>#include <stdio.h>using namespace std;/** * @brief string类的初始化 * @note * @param argc: * @param *argv[]: * @retval */void init_test(void){ string s1 = "aaa"; string s2("bbbb"); string s3 = s2; //通过copy构造函数初始化string对象 string s4(10, 'a'); cout << "s1 " << s1 << endl; cout << "s2 " << s2 << endl; cout << "s3 " << s3 << endl; cout << "s4 " << s4 << endl;}/** * @brief 字符串的遍历 * @note * @param argc: * @param *argv[]: * @retval */void list_string(void){ cout << "list_string" << endl; string s1 = "abcdefg"; //数组方式 for (int i = 0; i < s1.length(); i++) { //< 将字符串当成数组一样使用 cout << s1[i] << endl; } cout << "--------------------------------" << endl; //< 迭代器方式 for (string::iterator it = s1.begin(); it != s1.end(); it ++) { cout << (*it) << endl; } cout << "----------------------------------" << endl; //< at函数 for (int i = 0; i < s1.length(); i ++) { //< at函数能偶检测异常，出现异常的时候可以抛出异常，异常可以用sty函数进行捕获 cout << s1.at(i) << endl; //< 抛出异常 } cout << "---------------------" << endl; /* 异常测试 */ try { //< 有异常的时候捕获异常 for (int i = 0; i < s1.length() + 3; i ++) //< 故意多出来三个字节用于抛出异常 { cout << s1.at(i) << endl; //< 抛出异常 } } catch(...) //< 捕捉所有的一场呢 { std::cerr << "error exception" << 'n'; } }/** * @brief 字符指针和string类型的转换 * @note * @param argc: * @param *argv[]: * @retval */void charbuf_string(void){ cout << "charbuf_string" << endl; //< char * ==> string string s1 = "aaabcgdjsggkkws"; //< string ==> char * const char *buf; buf = s1.c_str(); printf("%sn", s1.c_str()); //< 3 s1的内容copy到buf中 char buf1[128]; s1.copy(buf1, 3, 0); //< 从零字符开始copy3个字符到buf1中 cout << buf1 << endl;}/** * @brief string cat * @note 字符串连接 * @param argc: * @param *argv[]: * @retval */void string_cat(void){ //< string方式的连接 cout << "string cat " << endl; string s1 = "aaa"; string s2 = "bbb"; string s3 = s1 + s2; cout << s3 << endl; cout << "-------------------" << endl; s2.append(s1); cout << s2 << endl;}/* * find函数 从pos位置开始查找c字符或者字符串的位置，函数找不到就返回 -1 * rfind向前查找 * * replace替换 * swap交换 * *//** * @brief search string * @note 字符串的查找和替换 * @param argc: * @param *argv[]: * @retval */void search_string(void){ string s1 = "wbm hello hajhdhhfd 111 name name name 3434654655"; //< 第一次出现 name的位置 int index = s1.find("name", 0); cout << "index = " <<index << endl; //< 求 name出现的次数，每一次出现的数组下标 int offline = s1.find("name", 0); while (offline != -1) { cout << "offline = " << offline << endl; offline = offline + 1; offline = s1.find("name", offline); } //< 替换成大写 offline = s1.find("name", 0); while (offline != string::npos) { cout << "offline = " << offline << endl; s1.replace(offline, 1, "N"); offline = offline + 1; offline = s1.find("name", offline); cout << "s1 替换之后" << s1 << endl; }} /** * @brief main * @note string的简单使用 * @param argc: * @param *argv[]: * @retval */int main(int argc, char const *argv[]){ init_test(); list_string(); charbuf_string(); string_cat(); search_string(); cout << "hello world!" << endl; return 0;}