2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>>
Servlet生命周期的三个核心方法分别是 init() , service() 和 destroy()。每个Servlet都会实现这些方法，并且在特定的运行时间调用它们。
1)在Servlet生命周期的初始化阶段，web容器通过调用init()方法来初始化Servlet实例，并且可以传递一个实现 javax.servlet.ServletConfig 接口的对象给它。这个配置对象（configuration object）使Servlet能够读取在web应用的web.xml文件里定义的名值（name-value）初始参数。这个方法在Servlet实例的生命周期里只调用一次。
2)初始化后，Servlet实例就可以处理客户端请求了。web容器调用Servlet的service()方法来处理每一个请求。service() 方法定义了能够处理的请求类型并且调用适当方法来处理这些请求。编写Servlet的开发者必须为这些方法提供实现。如果发出一个Servlet没实现的请求，那么父类的方法就会被调用并且通常会给请求方（requester）返回一个错误信息。
通常，我们不需要重写（override）这个方法。
3)最后，web容器调用destroy()方法来终结Servlet。如果你想在Servlet的生命周期内关闭或者销毁一些文件系统或者网络资源，你可以调用这个方法来实现。destroy() 方法和init()方法一样，在Servlet的生命周期里只能调用一次。
如下例子
package com.wxp.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class MyFirstServlet extends HttpServlet {
/**
* Constructor of the object.
*/
public MyFirstServlet() {
super();
}
/**
* Destruction of the servlet. <br>
*/
public void destroy() {
super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log
// Put your code here
}
/**
* The doGet method of the servlet. <br>
*
* This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.
*
* @param request the request send by the client to the server
* @param response the response send by the server to the client
* @throws ServletException if an error occurred
* @throws IOException if an error occurred
*/
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
try {
out.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">");
out.println("<HTML>");
out.println(" <HEAD><TITLE>MyFirstServlet</TITLE></HEAD>");
out.println(" <BODY>");
out.print("Servlet MyFirstServlet at");
out.print(request.getContextPath());
out.println(" </BODY>");
out.println("</HTML>");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
out.flush();
out.close();
}
}
/**
* The doPost method of the servlet. <br>
*
* This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post.
*
* @param request the request send by the client to the server
* @param response the response send by the server to the client
* @throws ServletException if an error occurred
* @throws IOException if an error occurred
*/
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(request, response);
}
/**
* Initialization of the servlet. <br>
*
* @throws ServletException if an error occurs
*/
public void init() throws ServletException {
// Put your code here
}
public String getServletInfo(){
return "MyFirstServlet";
}
}
转载于:https://my.oschina.net/u/3378039/blog/1841870