【python初级】Ubuntu18.04mqtt服务器安装- -方法1 1、背景2、mqtt服务器3安装、mqtt是否正常运行查询4、mqtt服务测试
1、背景
博主可以在个人Alibaba云(AlibabaCloud )服务器上安装mqtt服务器，并远程调试客户和代码。
操作系统的阿里巴巴云： ubuntu18.04
2、mqtt服务器安装采用ubuntu系统最直接的apt安装：
在sudo apt install mosquitto中，当系统提示输入y时，请等待运行。
安装日志包括：
root@iZu2Z:~# sudoaptinstallmosquittoreadingpackagelists. donebuildingdependencytreereadingstateinformation. donethefollowingpackageswererer ger required 3360 Li bopts 25 sntp use ' sudoaptautoremove ' toremovethem.thefollowingadditionalpackageswith ed 3: libe v4 lib uv1lib v1 libww geswillbeinstalled 3360 libe v4 lib uv1 libwebsockets8mosquitto0upgraded，4 newly installed， 0 toremoveand 243 not upgraded.need to get 279 kbofarchives.afterthisoperation， 771 kbofadditionaldiskspacewillbill [ y/n ] yget :13358 mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/Ubuntu bionic/mamin amd64 lib u v1 aa get 3334 Ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 libe v4 amd 641:4.22-1 [ 26.3 kb ] get :3http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/Ubuntu bionic universe amd64 libwebsockets8amd 642.0.3-3 build1[ 71.8 kb ] get :4http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/Ubuntu bionic-com universe amd64 mosquittoamd 641.4.15-2 Ubuntu0. 18.04.3 [ 116 kb ] fetched 279 kbin 0s (1， 259 kB/s ) debconf : unabletoinitializefrontend : dialog debconf : (dialogfrontendrequiresascreenatleast 13 linestallland 31 columnswidionf cktofrontend : readlineselectingpreviouslyunselectedpackagelibuv 13360 amd 64.(reading database.112000 CT orently inssibuv preparingtounpack ./lib uv1_1. 18.0-3 _ amd64.deb . progress 3360 [0% ] ......... unpackinglinglibuv 13360 amd ....... progress3360[10%][#####] ............ selectingpreviouslyunselectedpackagelibev4...... preparingtounpack .. libe v4 _1: 4.22-1 _ amd64.deb . unpackinglibev4(133604.22-1 ) ## ......
.......................]Progress: [ 24%] [#####################....................................................................]Selecting previously unselected package libwebsockets8:amd64...............................................]Preparing to unpack .../libwebsockets8_2.0.3-3build1_amd64.deb ...Unpacking libwebsockets8:amd64 (2.0.3-3build1) ............................................................]Progress: [ 38%] [#################################........................................................]Selecting previously unselected package mosquitto.######...................................................]Preparing to unpack .../mosquitto_1.4.15-2ubuntu0.18.04.3_amd64.deb ...Unpacking mosquitto (1.4.15-2ubuntu0.18.04.3) ...###########...............................................]Progress: [ 52%] [##############################################...........................................]Setting up libev4 (1:4.22-1) ...####################################.......................................]Progress: [ 62%] [#######################################################..................................]Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-21) ...##########################..............................]Setting up libuv1:amd64 (1.18.0-3) ...Progress: [ 71%] [###############################################################..........................]Processing triggers for libc-xfdqc (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...#################################......................]Processing triggers for systemd (237-3ubuntu10.21) ...Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ...Setting up libwebsockets8:amd64 (2.0.3-3build1) ...Progress: [ 81%] [########################################################################.................]Setting up mosquitto (1.4.15-2ubuntu0.18.04.3) ...############################################.............]Progress: [ 90%] [################################################################################.........]Processing triggers for libc-xfdqc (2.27-3ubuntu1) ...##################################################.....]Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-21) ...Processing triggers for systemd (237-3ubuntu10.21) ...root@iZu2Z:~# 3、查询mqtt是否正确运行采用如下命令查看mosquitto MQTT是否正确运行：
sudo service mosquitto status运行如下：
root@iZu2Z:~# sudo service mosquitto status● mosquitto.service - LSB: mosquitto MQTT v3.1 message broker Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/mosquitto; generated) Active: active (running) since Tue 2021-12-07 15:09:41 CST; 3min 29s ago Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8) Tasks: 1 (limit: 2217) CGroup: /system.slice/mosquitto.service └─23651 /usr/sxfdqc/mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.confDec 07 15:09:41 iZu2Z systemd[1]: Starting LSB: mosquitto MQTT v3.1 message broker...Dec 07 15:09:41 iZu2Z mosquitto[23638]: * Starting network daemon: mosquittoDec 07 15:09:41 iZu2Z mosquitto[23638]: ...done.Dec 07 15:09:41 iZu2Z systemd[1]: Started LSB: mosquitto MQTT v3.1 message broker.root@iZu2Z:~# 4、测试mqtt服务4.1、在阿里云上安装了MQTT服务，然后将阿里云的TCP端口请打开，如下：
4.2、在我的本地ubuntu18.04台式机上，打开一个终端，
执行以下命令，订阅主题"jn10010537":
4.3、在我的本地ubuntu18.04台式机上，打开另外一个终端，
执行以下命令，发布消息到主题 “jn10010537”:
可以看到mosquitto_sub对应的终端，将及时收到"hello jn10010537"消息。
注意：使用mosquitto_sub、mosquitto_pub需要安装mqtt客户端，即：
sudo apt install mosquitto-clients