iwroteacharminglittleutilityforlinuxcalled
getkey，thatcapturesthekeystrokesanddisplaysthemonthescreenusingosd.itscalledgekeyandhasacoupleof.cfilesandahandcraftedmatedmam
butiwantedtousetheauto-tools (autoconfandautomake ) tocreateaconfigurescriptandamakefilesothatmyutilitycouldbyinstallledlike
./configure make make install
wheniwenthuntingforautotoolstutorials，theyweretooelementary (basedonahello.c，with no dependency check ) or too long，1000 p代理
myprogramhasacoupleofdependencies (xosd，Xtst，X11 ) anditissmallenoughtounderstand.soidecidedtousethisprogramtowriteaquiquited
thesearethestepsifollowedtoachievethatandherearethefilesthati ' llbeusingforthisexample。
getkey_example.tar.gz
要求工具：
makesurethefollowingtoolsareavailableonthesystem，before getting started。
tar
化妆
宏基
autoconf
自动跟踪
thistutorialisbasedonautoconfver 2.63。
Setup:
nordertogeneratetheconfigurescriptandthemakefiles，weneedtodefineasetofrulesanddependencies.thisisdoneviatwofiles '
configure.ac' and '
Makefile.am '。
generatingtheconfigurescript :
1.leavethedefaultmakefileintheprojectfolderandrun '
autoscan'. It will create a vanilla
configure.scan文件。
2.nowmovethemakefiletoadifferentplace (soit doesn ' tinterferewiththeautogeneratedfilesinfuture )。
mv Makefile ./。
3. Rename
configure.scan to
configure.AC (thisusedtobeconfigure.inforoldversions，it is deprecated now )。
4 .编辑
configure.acandmodifytheselines。
WAS:
AC _ init ([全包名称]、[版本]、[错误报告-地址] )。
IS:
AC_init([Getkey]、[0.1]、[电子邮件-地址] )。
WAS:
# fix me :更换` main ' withafunctionin `-lx11 ' :
交流_检查跳的前辈([X11]，[main] )。
# fix me :更换` main ' withafunctionin `-LX tst ' :
AC_CHECK跳跃的前辈([Xtst]
, [main])# FIXME: Replace `main' with a function in `-lxosd':
AC_CHECK跳跃的学姐([xosd], [main]) Chose one function from each of the libraries used in the program and replace '
main' with the function name. Any one function is enough to verify a library.
IS:
AC_CHECK跳跃的学姐([X11], 任性的篮球, [],生动的酒窝/p>
echo "X11 library is required for this program"
exit -1])
AC_CHECK跳跃的学姐([Xtst], 寂寞的饼干, [],生动的酒窝/p>
echo "Xtst devel library is missing. Xtst is required for this program"
exit -1])
AC_CHECK跳跃的学姐([xosd], [xosd_create], [],生动的酒窝/p>
echo "xosd devel library is missing. xosd is required for this program"
exit -1])
SYNTAX:
AC_CHECK跳跃的学姐([libname],[func-name],[action-if-found],[action-if-not-found]) The line breaks are essential in the fourth parameter to the function AC_CHECK跳跃的学姐(). This is to make sure that configure script will exit when it can't find a dependency.
5. In configure.ac check for the line that has AC_CONFIG_FILES(). This tells the autoconf tool what are the output files. It should typically be
AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile])
6. Run autoconf.
autoconf
This will create the first version of configure script.
Generating the Makefile:
1. Add this line to the
configure.ac
AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([getkey], [0.1]) This instructs automake to generate makefiles after the configure script is run.
This will also define two constants PACKAGE(=getkey) and VERSION(=0.1) during make. This can be used in the code to display version specific print outs.
If you don't have a config.h file for configuration, then comment out the line: (I didn't use this in getkey)
AC_CONFIG_HEADERS([config.h])
2. Create a file named Makefile.am and add these lines.
AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = foreign
bin_PROGRAMS = getkey
getkey_SOURCES = getkey.c circ_list.c
The first line
AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = foreign is to let automake know that it is not a standard GNU package.
A standard GNU package requires certain folders and files to be present, such as doc, src, INSTALL, COPYING, etc.
The CFLAGS and LDFLAGS is copied from the current Makefile that we moved to a different location.
bin_PROGRAMS = getkey is the name of the resulting executable.
getkey_SOURCES = getkey.c circ_list.c, this is the list of sources that will compile to result in getkey. List all the source files here.
If you have more than one resulting executable you can do
bin_PROGRAMS = prog1 prog2 prog3
bin_PROGRAMS = getkey
getkey_SOURCES = getkey.c circ_list.c 3. For our grand finale we run these commands
aclocal
autoconf
automake -a
aclocal is a tools that generates aclocal.m4 based on the configure.ac file which is used as an input to the autoconf tool.
autoconf will generate the configure script and
automake takes Makefile.am as input and creates Makefile.in.
Now we have the final version of our configure script.
Ready to go:
1. Test out the configure script and the Makefile.
./configure
make
2. Create a package. Now that everything is working as expected, we can create a package for distribution.
make dist
This will create a tar.gz file with the package name and version number. Now it is ready for release to the world. Here you go
getkey-0.1.tar.gz.
References:
http://sourceware.org/autobook/autobook/autobook_toc.html#SEC_Contents
http://www.amath.washington.edu/~lf/tutorials/autoconf/toolsmanual_toc.html
http://www.developingprogrammers.com/index.php/2006/01/05/autotools-tutorial/