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stem函数matlab什么意思,stem函数怎么改颜色

时间:2023-05-06 17:08:14 阅读:258686 作者:2653

stem函数–Matplotlib

函数功能: Create a stem plot.
创建棉棒图
A stem plot plots vertical lines at each x location from the baseline to y, and places a marker there.
在每个x的位置绘制基准线到y的垂直线,并在y处绘制标记。

函数语法:

stem([x,] y, linefmt=None, markerfmt=None, basefmt=None,bottom=0, label=None, use_line_collection=True, data=None)

函数参数:
x: array-like, optional;The x-positions of the stems. Default: (0, 1, …, len(y) - 1).
可选参数,数组,每根棉棒的x轴位置,默认设置为(0, 1,2,…,len(y)-1)

y: array-like ;The y-values of the stem heads.
数组,棉棒头部的y值,y坐标

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(x, y)plt.show()

当只有y值,x值使用默认设置(0,1,2,…,len(y)-1)

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(y)print(plt.xlim())plt.show()


输入x,y值

linefmt: str, optional
A string defining the properties of the vertical lines. Usually, this will be a color or a color and a linestyle:
线条样式:可选参数,字符串类型,定义垂直线的属性。通常,定义垂直线的颜色,或线的颜色和线条类型
线条类型可选参数如下:

修改参数 l i n e f m t linefmt linefmt,设置棉棒线条类型, l i n e f m t = ′ − − ′ linefmt='--' linefmt=′−−′

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(x, y, linefmt='--')plt.show()


设置棉棒线条类型, l i n e f m t = ′ − . ′ linefmt='-.' linefmt=′−.′

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(x, y, linefmt='-.')plt.show()


Default: ‘C0-’, i.e. solid line with the first color of the color cycle.

Note: While it is technically possible to specify valid formats other than color or color and linestyle (e.g. ‘rx’ or ‘-.’), this is gjdzh the intention of the method and will most likely not result in a reasonable plot.

默认 l i n e f m t linefmt linefmt参数设置为: C 0 − C0- C0−:即颜色循环第一种颜色,实线绘制。

注意:尽管在技术上可以指定颜色,颜色和线条样式以外的有效格式(例如’rx’或’-.’)。但这超出了该方法的意图,并且很可能不会导致合理的绘图。

指定颜色:

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(x, y, linefmt='r')plt.show()


同时指定颜色和样式,参数 l i n e f m t = ′ c − − ′ linefmt='c--' linefmt=′c−−′

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(x, y, linefmt='c--')plt.show()

markerfmt: str, optional
A string defining the properties of the markers at the stem heads. Default: ‘C0o’, i.e. filled circles with the first color of the color cycle.
棉棒头部标记样式:字符串,可选参数
定义棉棒头部标记属性的字符串,默认是 C 0 o C0o C0o,即:用颜色循环的第一种颜色的圆圈样式

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(x, y, linefmt='c--', markerfmt='r*')plt.show()


该参数中的颜色只能是默认颜色循环 C 0 − C 9 C0-C9 C0−C9中的一个,其他颜色无法识别

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(x, y, linefmt='c--', markerfmt='C6o')plt.show()


可以简写的颜色也可以使用:

基础颜色
支持常见的 b l u e , c y a n , g r e e n , r e d , y e l l o w , m a g e n t a , w h i t e , b l a c k blue, cyan, green, red, yellow, magenta, white,black blue,cyan,green,red,yellow,magenta,white,black. 这八种颜色支持缩写(除了黑色是k, 其他都是首字母)

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(x, y, linefmt='c--', markerfmt='m*')plt.show()


basefmt: str, default: ‘C3-’ (‘C2-’ in classic mode)
A format string defining the properties of the baseline.
基线格式: 字符串,默认为 C 3 − C3- C3−(经典模式下为 C 2 − C2- C2−)
定义基线属性的字符串

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(x, y, linefmt='c--', markerfmt='r*', basefmt='C3-')plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(x, y, linefmt='c--', markerfmt='r*', basefmt='C2-')plt.show()


bottom: float, default: 0
The y-position of the baseline.
基线位置:浮点型,默认值为0。 基线所在的y轴位置

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(x, y, linefmt='c--', markerfmt='r*', basefmt='--', bottom=0.5)plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(x, y, linefmt='c--', markerfmt='r*', basefmt='--', bottom=-0.3)plt.show()

label: str, default: None
The label to use for the stems in legends.
标签:字符串,默认无,棉棒图例的标签

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npx = np.linspace(0.5, 2*np.pi, 20)y = np.random.randn(20)plt.stem(x, y, linefmt='c--', markerfmt='r*', basefmt='--', bottom=-0.3, label='stem')plt.legend()plt.show()

官方文档stem

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