本文将从多个方面详细阐述Python常见错误异常类型,并提供相应的代码示例。
一、语法错误
1. 缺少冒号:
def my_function() print("Hello, world!")
2. 嵌套错误:
if condition: if another_condition: print("Nested if statement")
3. 括号不匹配:
print("Hello, world!"
二、类型错误
1. 字符串与数字相加:
age = 25 message = "I am " + age + " years old." print(message)
2. 将非可迭代对象作为迭代对象:
my_number = 12345 for num in my_number: print(num)
3. 调用未定义的函数:
my_function()
三、索引错误
1. 索引超出范围:
my_list = [1, 2, 3] print(my_list[3])
2. 使用负数索引:
my_list = [1, 2, 3] print(my_list[-4])
3. 尝试对不可变对象进行索引:
my_string = "Hello, world!" print(my_string[12])
四、键错误
1. 访问字典中不存在的键:
my_dict = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25} print(my_dict["height"])
2. 通过get()方法获取字典中不存在的键:
my_dict = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25} print(my_dict.get("height"))
3. 删除字典中不存在的键:
my_dict = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25} del my_dict["height"]